Several connections throughout the structure are required to create a continuous load path to resist uplift loads. Uplift forces can lift a structure, therefore they must be transferred down to the foundation to prevent damage. High winds create uplift and lateral forces that can damage structures. 2ģ High Wind Design Flooding is often caused by storms that can also bring damaging winds. Scour The removal of soil, sand or fill material by moving water that can result in the loss of bearing capacity or anchoring capacity of the foundation. Impact Forces Lateral forces resulting from debris, ice and other objects carried by floodwaters impacting a structure. Vertical uplift loads occur when waves peak or run-up against a structure. Wave Forces Lateral or vertical forces resulting from breaking and non-breaking waves striking the structure.

Lateral loads are created when the structure is impacted by the moving water and drag forces are created as the water moves around the structure. Hydrodynamic Forces Lateral forces typically resulting from water moving at a moderate to high speed in contact with a structure.

Vertical (buoyancy) loads occur when elements of the structure displace flood waters. Lateral loads can occur when a vertical wall has flood water on one side and is not flooded on the other side. Non-Flooded Area Hydrostatic Forces Lateral or vertical forces resulting from standing or slow-moving water in contact with a structure. The movement of water and debris can also result in several design considerations unique to floods. Flood Design In flood-prone regions, it is important to design structures to resist the forces encountered during a flood. While the causes tend to be different depending on the region, floods cause billions of dollars in damage annually to structures near the coast as well as inland. 1 Installing Simpson Strong-Tie Connectors in Flood-Prone Regions (800)Ģ Mitigating Flood Damage Unlike earthquakes, tornadoes, and hurricanes, flooding is a natural disaster that commonly occurs throughout all regions of North America.

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